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What do second stage regulators compensate for?

  1. Changes in supply pressure

  2. Changes in ambient temperature

  3. Changes in downstream demand

  4. Changes in gas composition

The correct answer is: Changes in downstream demand

Second stage regulators are designed to adjust and stabilize the pressure of gas as it flows to the downstream systems. Their primary function is to compensate for fluctuations in downstream demand. When the demand for gas increases or decreases, the second stage regulator responds by adjusting the gas flow to maintain a consistent pressure at the delivery point. This ensures that appliances and systems downstream receive a steady supply of gas, optimizing performance and safety. In contrast, while first stage regulators are typically responsible for managing supply pressure variations, second stage regulators do not directly handle changes in ambient temperature or gas composition. Their focus is specifically on balancing the pressure relative to varying gas consumption rates downstream. Therefore, choosing downstream demand as the correct answer highlights the operational role of second stage regulators in maintaining stable gas distribution.